Gaby
Researchers have discovered that enhancing a gene present in all humans may slow the wear and tear on our cells. A team studying fruit fly DNA identified a gene that determines whether flies die young. They ran that gene through a database of human genes and found a 93 percent match with a human gene called DIMT1.
In lab experiments, scientists exposed human cells to radiation, producing effects similar to age-related degradation in human tissues. The team observed that cells with boosted DIMT1 “aged” 65 percent more slowly than unaltered cells.
Both the human and fly genes change the shape and structure of mitochondria in the cells where they act. That change affects oxidative stress, a trigger for aging.
Mitochondria produce the energy cells need to function — like power plants for the body. If tissues and organs don’t get enough energy, they start to fail, which contributes to aging.
Additional Details of the Study
In their search for genes that slow aging, the team examined 1,283 segments of fruit fly DNA and identified the gene CG11837, which regulates the flies’ lifespan. When researchers increased the activity of this gene, the fruit flies lived 59 percent longer.
Using artificial intelligence, the team found that the structure of CG11837 is similar to that of the human gene DIMT1. They then conducted experiments using human cells taken from an adult male, boosting DIMT1 production for three days.
The modified cells grew at the same rate as the unaltered ones. However, when the team exposed both groups of cells to X-ray radiation, they noticed a difference. The modified cells aged 65 percent less and grew 24 percent faster than control cells.
Researchers also reversed signs of aging in mice. Mice that received the experimental gene therapy lived 109 percent longer than mice that received a placebo.
This type of gene therapy is not yet available for humans. However, experts say it could be a reality within the next five years.
Scientists hope that their findings will pave the way for new research into activating this “magic” gene in humans.
The study’s conclusions were published in the journal Nature Aging.
